| City of East Sarajevo Grad Istočno Sarajevo Град Источно Сарајево |
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| Location of Istočno Sarajevo within Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||
| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||
| Entity | Republika Srpska | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | |||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 1,450 km2 (559.8 sq mi) | ||
| Population | |||
| • Total | 100,000 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Area code(s) | 57 | ||
| Website | [1] | ||
Istočno Sarajevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Источно Сарајево; English: East Sarajevo) is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and de jure capital[1] of the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina adjacent to Bosnia and Herzegovinas capital Sarajevo to its northeast. East Sarajevo consists of a few pre-war suburbal parts of Sarajevo which are now in the Republika Srpska entity and newly built areas. At about 1450 km2, it is one of the biggest cities in the Balkans in terms of territory, because it consists of all the villages, towns, hills and some of the pre-war Sarajevian suburbs in that area.
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The de jure capital of the Republika Srpska entity is (East) Sarajevo. However, the de facto capital of the Republika Srpska entity is Banja Luka which is the government seat.
The first civilian government in the territory of East Sarajevo was formed at the parliamentary session in the building of the local community Lukavica late summer of 1992. year. The commission organized by the Serbian municipality of Novo Sarajevo, headed by a Commissioner of the Presidency of the Republic of Srpska dr Dragan Đokanović, was held the Municipal Assembly of Srpsko Novo Sarajevo , consisting of the members of Serbian nationality, pre-war Sarajevo municipality of Novo Sarajevo. Invited members, elected in multiparty elections 1990th, elected municipal government.[2] [3]
East Sarajevo lies in the Sarajevo valley, in the middle of the Dinaric Alps.The city is surrounded by heavily forested hills and five major mountains. The highest of the surrounding peaks is Treskavica at 2,088 meters (6,850 ft), then Bjelašnica at 2,067 meters (6,781 ft), Jahorina at 1,913 meters (6,276 ft), Trebević at 1,627 meters (5,338 ft), with 1,502 meters (4,928 ft) Igman being the shortest. Last four are also known as Olympics mountains of Sarajevo (see also 1984 Winter Olympics Games in Sarajevo).
The Željeznica river is one of the city's chief geographic features. It flows through the city from south through the Trnovo, Kijevo, Krupac and Vojkovići, parts of East Sarajevo to west part of city and Sarajevo City where eventually meets up with the Bosna river.[4]
East Sarajevo has a mild continental climate, lying between the climate zones of central Europe to the north and the Mediterranean to the south. The average yearly temperature is 9.5 °C, with January (-1.3 °C avg.) being the coldest month of the year and July (19.1 °C avg.) the warmest. The highest recorded temperature was 40.0 °C on 19 August 1946, while the lowest recorded temperature was −26.4 °C on 25 January 1942. On average, East Sarajevo has 68 summer days per year (temperature greater than or equal to 30.0 °C). The city typically experiences mildly cloudy skies, with an average yearly cloud cover of 59%. The cloudiest month is December (75% average cloud cover) while the clearest is August (37%). Moderate precipitation occurs fairly consistently throughout the year, with an average 170 days of rainfall. Suitable climatic conditions have allowed winter sports to flourish in the region, as exemplified by the Winter Olympics in 1984 that were celebrated in Sarajevo.[5]
It was previously known as Srpsko Sarajevo (Српско Сарајево, Serbian Sarajevo) but the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina adjudicated its name change.
The last census in Bosnia and Herzegovina was carried out in 1991. Most commonly stated estimates suggest about 100,000 inhabitants reside in Eastern Sarajevo, which is an increase from 1991 owing in large part to the creation and inclussion of new municipalities which form East Sarajevo. Also, many Serbian refugees from Sarajevo's other municipalities moved to the suburban settlements of Lukavica, Dobrinja, Kasindo, Kotorac and Pale.
The municipalities of Istočno Sarajevo are:
The city of East Sarajevo is the administrative, industrial, commercial, financial and cultural center of the eastern part of Republika Srpska. The position of East Sarajevo is strategically important, located near the biggest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, City of Sarajevo. East Sarajevo is easily accessible, having an airport close to the city- Sarajevo International Airport and being a point of intersection of numerous roads.[9][10]
East Sarajevo is one of the most important industrial centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina, well-known for its companies: Elko, Famos, Energoinvest, Unis and others.[11]
The local football clubs are Slavija Istočno Sarajevo that plays in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina and FK Famos that competes in the First League of the Republika Srpska.
Basketball Club Slavija is a basketball club from the City of East Sarajevo that competes in the National Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[12]